Understanding Seborrhoeic Keratosis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options
- Dr Bryan McDonald
- Apr 14
- 3 min read
Seborrhoeic keratosis is a common skin condition that often raises concerns because of its appearance. Many people notice these growths on their skin and worry about what they might mean. This post will explain what seborrhoeic keratosis is, what causes it, how to recognize it, and what treatment options are available. You will also find practical advice on managing symptoms and knowing when to see a doctor.
What Is Seborrhoeic Keratosis?
Seborrhoeic keratosis is a non-cancerous skin growth that appears as a rough, waxy, or wart-like patch on the skin. These growths are usually brown, black, or light tan and can vary in size from a few millimeters to over an inch across. They often look like they are stuck onto the skin, with a slightly raised, bumpy surface.
These growths most commonly appear on the chest, back, face, or shoulders but can develop anywhere on the body. Seborrhoeic keratosis is harmless and does not turn into skin cancer. However, their appearance can sometimes be mistaken for other skin conditions, so proper identification is important.
Key Characteristics
Color: Light tan to dark brown or black
Texture: Waxy, scaly, or slightly rough
Shape: Round or oval with well-defined edges
Size: From a few millimeters to several centimeters
Number: Can appear as a single growth or multiple spots
Causes and Risk Factors
The exact cause of seborrhoeic keratosis is not fully understood, but several factors contribute to their development:
Age: These growths are more common in middle-aged and older adults. Most people over 50 have at least one seborrhoeic keratosis.
Genetics: Family history plays a role. If your parents had seborrhoeic keratosis, you are more likely to develop them.
Sun Exposure: Long-term exposure to sunlight may increase the risk, although seborrhoeic keratosis can appear on areas not exposed to the sun.
Skin Type: People with lighter skin tones tend to develop these growths more often.
Hormonal Changes: Some evidence suggests that hormonal changes, such as those during pregnancy, might trigger seborrhoeic keratosis.
These growths are not contagious and do not result from infections or poor hygiene.
Treatment Options
Most seborrhoeic keratosis lesions do not require treatment unless they cause discomfort, irritation, or cosmetic concerns. If you choose to remove them, several safe and effective methods are available:
Cryotherapy
Cryotherapy involves freezing the growth with liquid nitrogen. This causes the lesion to fall off after a few days. It is a quick procedure often done in a dermatologist’s office. Some side effects may include temporary redness, blistering, or lightening of the skin.
Laser Therapy
Laser treatment uses focused light to remove the growth. It is precise and can be useful for larger or thicker lesions. Laser therapy usually requires local anesthesia and may cause mild discomfort during the procedure.
Curettage and Electrocautery
This method involves scraping off the growth with a small tool (curette) and then using heat (electrocautery) to stop bleeding and destroy any remaining cells. It is effective but may leave a small scar.
When to Avoid Treatment
If the growth does not bother you, it is safe to leave it alone. Seborrhoeic keratosis does not turn into cancer and does not spread.
Managing Symptoms and When to See a Doctor
Seborrhoeic keratosis usually does not cause symptoms, but sometimes the growths can itch, bleed, or become irritated, especially if rubbed by clothing or jewelry. Here are some tips to manage symptoms:
Avoid scratching or picking at the growths.
Use gentle skin cleansers and moisturizers to reduce dryness.
Wear loose clothing to prevent irritation.
Protect your skin from excessive sun exposure with sunscreen and clothing.
When to Seek Medical Advice
See a healthcare professional if you notice any of the following:
Rapid growth or changes in color or shape of the lesion
Bleeding, oozing, or persistent itching
Pain or tenderness around the growth
Any new growths that look different from your usual seborrhoeic keratosis
If you are unsure whether a growth is seborrhoeic keratosis or something else
A dermatologist can examine the lesion and may perform a biopsy to rule out skin cancer or other conditions.
Summary
Seborrhoeic keratosis is a common, harmless skin growth that appears as rough, waxy patches on the skin. They are more common with age and influenced by genetics and sun exposure. While treatment is not necessary for most people, options like cryotherapy, laser therapy, and curettage are available for those who want removal. Managing symptoms involves avoiding irritation and protecting the skin. Always consult a healthcare provider if you notice changes in your skin growths or have concerns.
Understanding seborrhoeic keratosis helps reduce worry and supports informed decisions about skin health. If you have any suspicious or changing skin growths, Dr Bryan can provide guidance and peace of mind.